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2-Wheeler EV Retrofitting Engineering Calculator

Road-load physics → motor & drivetrain → battery pack → components → BOM & cost. Deterministic formulas, no AI guesses.

ASSUMED User input or default assumptionCALCULATED Derived from engineering formulaPROPOSED Preliminary selection — needs engineering validationDATASHEET-VERIFIED Confirmed by engineer against manufacturer datasheet

kg

Incl. motor & battery

kg
kg
km/h
km
m

90/90-12 ≈ 0.25 · 2.75-18 ≈ 0.30

%
m/s²

Tarmac 0.010–0.020

m²

Scooter + rider 0.5–0.8

kg/m³
m/s²

rpm

Overall, 0–1

0–1

0–1

0–1

×
×

Wh/km
V

0–1 (DoD, reserve)

V
V
V
Ah
A
g
₹/cell
Manual parallel count
Off = auto (capacity & current based)

Wheel speed
568.4 rpm
Reduction ratio
5.28 : 1
Motor torque (design)
11.99 Nm
Shaft power cruise / design
2.48 / 4.21 kW
Cell configuration
20S11P 220 cells
Pack voltage nom / max
72 / 84 V
Energy nominal / usable
3.96 / 3.17 kWh
Estimated range
63.4 km
Proposed motor
3 kW rated · 6 kW peak
Peak battery current
98.6 A @ min voltage
Estimated cost
₹ 1,39,810
ParameterCruise (flat)Design pointUnitType
Vehicle speed
v = km/h ÷ 3.6
16.66716.667m/sCALCULATED
Gradient angle θ
θ = atan(G/100)
0.0002.862°CALCULATED
Rolling resistance force
Crr·m·g·cosθ
26.4926.45NCALCULATED
Aerodynamic drag force
½ρ·CdA·v²
100.00100.00NCALCULATED
Gradient force
m·g·sinθ
0.0088.18NCALCULATED
Acceleration force
m·a
0.000.00NCALCULATED
Total tractive force
Sum of forces
126.49214.63NCALCULATED
Wheel torque
F·r
35.4260.10NmCALCULATED
Wheel speed
v/(2πr)·60
568.4568.4rpmCALCULATED
Wheel power
F·v
2.1083.577kWCALCULATED
Motor shaft power
P_wheel / η_drivetrain
2.4804.209kWCALCULATED
Battery (electrical) power
P_shaft / (η_motor·η_ctrl)
2.9064.930kWCALCULATED
ParameterValueUnitType
Vehicle mass (after conversion)
110.0kgASSUMED
Rider mass
70.0kgASSUMED
Payload / pillion
0.0kgASSUMED
Total mass
Sum of masses
180.0kgCALCULATED
Target speed
60.0km/hASSUMED
Target range
60.0kmASSUMED
Wheel radius (loaded)
0.280mASSUMED
Road gradient (design point)
5.0%ASSUMED
Acceleration (design point)
0.00m/s²ASSUMED
Rolling resistance coefficient Crr
0.0150–ASSUMED
Aerodynamic drag area CdA
0.600m²ASSUMED
Air density ρ
1.200kg/m³ASSUMED

Educational engineering estimate. Results are calculated with deterministic formulas and are not a certification of safety or road-legality. Retrofitting for road use in India requires a type-approved kit (AIS-123), homologation and RTO endorsement. High-voltage (> 60 V DC) work must be done by trained personnel. Verified against 6 EVGURU reference cases.